ArticleInternational journal of ophthalmology2026
Surgical outcomes and the role of probe exit site in nasal endoscopy-guided interventions for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction: a cross-sectional study.
Article in International journal of ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimTo evaluate the clinical presentation, nasal endoscopic findings, and surgical outcomes of probing surgery (PS) or bicanalicular silicone tube intubation (BCI) performed under nasal endoscopic guidance (NEG) in pediatric patients with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO), regardless of previous surgical history.
methodsThis retrospective cross-sectional study included CNLDO patients with data on demographics, fluorescein dye disappearance test (FDDT) results, dacryoscintigraphy findings, prior surgeries, and outcomes of NEG-PS or NEG-BCI. NEG-BCI using Crawford stents was performed intraoperatively in complex cases. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were recorded. Surgical success was evaluated clinically and with FDDT at postoperative months 1 and 6. Stents were retained for a minimum of 12wk, with follow-up for at least 6mo after removal.
resultsOf the 67 pediatric patients (67 eyes, mean age 37.4±17.5mo), 44 (65.7%) were female. Preoperative FDDT was graded 3+ in 85.1% of cases, and dacryoscintigraphy confirmed obstruction in 92.5%. Nine patients (13.4%) had a history of PS. At 6mo, surgical success was achieved in 96.6% (28/29) of the NEG-PS group and 71.1% (27/38) of the NEG-BCI group (
conclusionNEG allows intraoperative classification of CNLDO and selection of surgical method based on real-time anatomical findings. Probe exit through the IM predicts a high likelihood of success, whereas IC or SM exits are risk factors for failure. Incorporating NEG into routine practice may improve surgical precision and reduce the need for repeated procedures.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.