Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42039898›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2026

Apple consumption is associated with obesity- and lipid-related parameters and gut microbiota profiles across enterotypes: 12-week single-blind trial in Japanese adults.

Toshihiko Shoji, Shiori Aoki, Yuki Sato, Mina Obara, Kazuaki Yoshinaga, Yoshiharu Takayama, Risa Araki, Saeko Masumoto, Tomisato Miura

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Toshihiko ShojiInstitute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan.
Shiori AokiInstitute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan.
Yuki SatoInstitute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan.
Mina ObaraInstitute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan.
Kazuaki YoshinagaFaculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University, Fukushima, Japan.
Yoshiharu TakayamaInstitute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan.
Risa ArakiInstitute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan.
Saeko MasumotoFaculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University, Fukushima, Japan.
Tomisato MiuraInstitute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Apples are rich in (poly)phenols and dietary fiber and have been associated with reducing the risk of chronic diseases. Emerging evidence suggests that inter-individual variability in metabolic responses to foods may be partly explained by differences in gut microbiota composition. However, whether apple induced metabolic responses differ according to baseline enterotype remains unclear. In this 12-week single-blind intervention trial, we investigated enterotype-stratified associations between daily apple consumption, gut microbiota profiles, and metabolic parameters in Japanese adults aged 40-65 years. Participants were classified into three enterotypes based on family-level gut microbiota composition;

Indexed as

appledietary fibergut microbiota enterotypeMaAsLin 3(poly)phenol

Identifiers

PMID42039898
PMCPMC13107531

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.