Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42039653›Full record

ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026

Dismantling Chromosomal Stasis Across the Eukaryotic Tree of Life.

Megan Copeland, Meghann McConnell, Andres Barboza, Hannah M Abraham, James Alfieri, Steven Arackal, Carrie E Bernard, Kiedon Bryant, Shelbie Cast, Sean Chien and 19 more

Abstract readPreprint
In one paragraph

Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

29 authors.

Megan CopelandDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.ORCID 0009-0005-1397-6867
Meghann McConnellDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.ORCID 0009-0009-3031-2201
Andres BarbozaDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2657-2165
Hannah M AbrahamDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.
James AlfieriDepartment of Biology, University of Iowa; Iowa City, 52242, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2265-2539
Steven ArackalDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.
Carrie E BernardDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.
Kiedon BryantDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.ORCID 0009-0006-4953-7708
Shelbie CastDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.ORCID 0009-0000-0985-5935
Sean ChienDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.ORCID 0009-0005-0891-6587
Emily ClarkDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.
Cassandra E CruzDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.
Aileen Y DiazDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.
Olivia DeitermanDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.
Riya GirishDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.
Kaya HarperDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.ORCID 0009-0004-4531-5193
Carl E HjelmenDepartment of Biology, Utah Valley University, Orem, UT 84058, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3061-6458
Michelle J ThompsonDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1170-6418
Rachel KoehlDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.
Tanvi KoneruDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.
Kenzie LairdDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.
Yoonseo LeeDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.
Virginia R LopezDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.
Mallory MurphyDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.
Nayeli PerezDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.
Gideon H SchlabDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.
Sarah SchmalzDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.
Terrence SylvesterDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis; Memphis, 38512.ORCID 0000-0001-6683-0793
Heath BlackmonDepartment of Biology, Texas A&M University; College Station, 77843, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5433-4036

Funding

Integrating theory, genomics, and comparative approaches to break barriers to the understanding of genome structure and sex chromosome evolution.R35GM138098 · NIGMS · TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY · PI BLACKMON, HEATH · 2020 to 2024
$1.8M
NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM138098
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chromosome number shapes genome organization, recombination, and speciation, yet how fast it evolves across the tree of life has never been measured. We analyzed 63,682 karyotypes across 55 eukaryotic clades and found that dysploidy rates vary by 844-fold, from approximately 0.0008 to 0.7 events per million years. This variation does not follow kingdom boundaries or deep phylogeny; intraclade variance exceeds interclade differences by more than an order of magnitude. Even birds, the textbook example of chromosomal stasis, exceed the global median rate once microchromosome dynamics are resolved. Contrasting the stasis of Odonata with the volatility of Orchidaceae reveals that life history and population structure, rather than deep phylogenetic constraints, govern the tempo of karyotypic change.

Identifiers

PMID42039653
PMCPMC13105004

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.