Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42039414›Full record

ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026

A Systematic Characterization of Causal Interactions Between Human Visual Areas.

María Guadalupe Yáñez-Ramos, Gabriela Ojeda Valencia, Harvey Huang, Nicholas Gregg, Jordan Bilderbeek, Morgan Montoya, Kendrick Kay, Gregory A Worrell, Kai J Miller, Dora Hermes

Abstract readPreprint
In one paragraph

Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

María Guadalupe Yáñez-RamosDepartment of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902.ORCID 0000-0002-3198-7018
Gabriela Ojeda ValenciaMayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, Minnesota 55902.
Harvey HuangMayo Clinic Medical Scientist Training Program, Rochester, Minnesota 55902.ORCID 0000-0002-0540-697X
Nicholas GreggDepartment of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902.
Jordan BilderbeekDepartment of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902.ORCID 0009-0001-2768-9878
Morgan MontoyaDepartment of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902.
Kendrick KayCenter for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455.ORCID 0000-0001-6604-9155
Gregory A WorrellDepartment of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902.
Kai J MillerDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902.
Dora HermesDepartment of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902.ORCID 0000-0002-8683-8909

Funding

Electrical stimulation to control feedback modulation of perceptionR01EY035533 · NEI · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI Dora Hermes, Kendrick Norris Kay · 2023 to 2026
$2.2M
CRCNS: Processing speed in the human connectome across the lifespanR01MH122258 · NIMH · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI HERMES, DORA · 2019 to 2023
$1.8M
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY035533NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH122258
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Information flow between visual areas is central to perception, but difficult to measure in vivo. To characterize causal interactions across human visual cortex, we stimulated electrodes during intracranial EEG recordings in 17 patients undergoing evaluation for drug resistant epilepsy. This allowed us to construct a map of causal interactions between human visual cortical areas. Stimulation of early visual areas elicited robust feedforward influences on dorsal, lateral, and ventral visual streams, whereas feedback influences were weaker and more spatially selective. Cross-stream interactions showed a bias toward stronger temporal to parietal influence compared to parietal to temporal influence. These findings suggest that early visual areas and the ventral stream act as primary sources of influence, whereas dorsal and lateral streams act as integrators.

Indexed as

brain stimulationconnectivityhuman visual cortexintracranial EEGvisual hierarchy

Identifiers

PMID42039414
PMCPMC13104846

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.