ArticleGalen medical journal2025
Role of IFN-γ and TGF-β in the Pathophysiology of Chronic Sinusitis :.
Article in Galen medical journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate the role of inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ and TGF-β in the pathophysiology of chronic sinusitis among Iraqi patients. Materials and Methods: A case-control study was conducted in Salah-Al-Din Governorate from March to July 2024. We enrolled 60 clinically diagnosed chronic sinusitis patients from Tikrit Teaching Hospital and 30 healthy controls. Serum levels of IFN-γ and TGF-β were measured using sandwich ELISA. Results: The patient cohort (55% male) showed highest prevalence in age groups 20 (37%), 21-30 (25%), and 31-40 years (23%). The most frequent symptoms were nasal obstruction (98%), nasal discharge (95%), and reduced smell sensation (90%). IFN-γ and TGF-β levels were significantly elevated in patients (16.45±7.01 pg/mL and 32.27±11.38 ng/mL, respectively) compared to controls (6.95±2.34 pg/mL and 22.18±7.66 ng/mL; P0.05). ROC analysis demonstrated IFN-γ›s stronger association with disease status (AUC 0.83) than TGF-β (AUC 0.68). A weak positive correlation was observed between the cytokines (r=0.277, P0.05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest IFN-γ and TGF-β play significant roles in the inflammatory processes of chronic sinusitis, particularly among younger patients. While both cytokines were elevated in patients, IFN-γ showed greater discriminatory potential. These results contribute to understanding the immunopathological mechanisms underlying chronic sinusitis.
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