ArticleFrontiers in pediatrics2026
Effectiveness of a multicomponent perioperative preparation programme incorporating culturally familiar clown-themed components for alleviating preoperative anxiety in preschool children.
Article in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objective: To develop a multicomponent perioperative preparation programme incorporating culturally familiar clown-themed components based on the distraction model, evaluate its efficacy in alleviating preoperative anxiety in preschool children, and provide an evidence-based non-pharmacological intervention strategy for the clinical management of preoperative anxiety in this population. Methods: The multicomponent perioperative preparation programme incorporating culturally familiar clown-themed components program was constructed via literature review, the Delphi method, and a pre-experiment. A total of 128 preschool children undergoing elective surgery at the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from November 2024 to July 2025 were randomly assigned to either a control group (receiving routine nursing care) or an experimental group (receiving routine nursing care combined with multicomponent perioperative preparation programme incorporating culturally familiar clown-themed components). The Simplified Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (m-YPAS-SF), Modified Behavioral Pain Scale (MBPS), Induction Compliance Checklist (ICC), and electrocardiographic monitoring were utilized to assess anxiety levels, anesthetic procedural pain, anesthesia compliance, and heart rate at three time points: pre-intervention (T0), post-intervention (T1), and during anesthesia induction (T2). Results: No statistically significant differences were observed in general characteristics (gender, age, surgical approach, preference for culturally familiar cartoon images) between the two groups ( Conclusion: The multicomponent perioperative preparation programme incorporating culturally familiar clown-themed components effectively mitigates preoperative anxiety, reduces anesthetic procedural pain, and improves anesthesia compliance in preschool children in this single-center study, which suggests its potential clinical applicability and warrants further validation for wider promotion.
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