ReviewGalen medical journal2025
4D-Printed Smart Materials in Clear Aligner Fabrication: A Comprehensive Review :.
Review in Galen medical journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Contemporary dentistry is shifting from passive materials toward biocompatible alternatives with superior mechanical and chemical properties. Smart materials, capable of responding to external stimuli such as temperature, pH, moisture, light, mechanical stress, and electromagnetic or biological signals, are at the forefront of this evolution. Their integration into additive manufacturing has given rise to "4D printing," where printed structures can change over time in response to environmental conditions. In orthodontics, this innovation enables the direct 3D printing of clear aligners, offering precise control over thickness, fit, and design while eliminating thermoforming steps. This results in greater geometric accuracy and workflow efficiency. This review aims to highlight the emerging role of smart materials in clear aligner therapy, focusing on their clinical potential and future applications within the evolving landscape of digital orthodontic.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.