Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42036704›Full record

ArticleJournal of cardiothoracic surgery2026

Sex-specific differences in coronary blood flow dynamics during coronary artery bypass surgery.

Gianluca Torregrossa, Massimo Baudo, Francesco Cabrucci, Amanda Yakobitis, Courtney Murray, Rashmi Yadav, Jennifer S Lawton, John D Puskas

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of cardiothoracic surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Gianluca Torregrossa *Department of Cardiac Surgery, Lankenau Heart Institute, Wynnewood, PA, USA.
Massimo Baudo *Department of Cardiac Surgery Research, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, 100 E Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood, PA, 19096, USA. massimo.baudo@icloud.com.
Francesco CabrucciDepartment of Cardiac Surgery Research, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, 100 E Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood, PA, 19096, USA.
Amanda YakobitisDepartment of Cardiac Surgery, Lankenau Heart Institute, Wynnewood, PA, USA.
Courtney MurrayDepartment of Cardiac Surgery, Lankenau Heart Institute, Wynnewood, PA, USA.
Rashmi YadavDepartment of Surgery, The Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Jennifer S LawtonDepartment of Surgery, Division of Cardiac Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
John D PuskasDivision of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWomen are known to experience worse outcomes compared to men following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The goal of this study was to identify and analyze potential differences in intraoperative flow dynamics during CABG.

methodsThe primary objective was to compare transit time graft flow measurements (TTFM) during isolated CABG between sexes. To ensure the integrity of TTFM data specific to the LITA-LAD anastomosis, patients with composite LITA graft configurations were excluded, yielding 317 males and 69 females. To ensure comparable baseline characteristics between men and women, propensity score matching was performed followed by entropy balancing, yielding 69 propensity matched pairs.

resultsAfter balancing, mean flow was comparable between females and males respectively (47.0 ml/min [35.0,63.0] vs. 44.0 ml/min [35.0,60.0], p = 0.98), as well as the pulsatility index (2.3 [2.1–3.3] vs. 2.7 [1.8,3.0], p = 0.88), and backflow (0.70% [0.40,2.10] vs. 1.70% [0.20,5.00], p = 0.98). However, the diastolic filling was significantly lower in women than men (68.8% [65.8,72.7] vs. 79.4% [70.6,81.3], p = 0.01). In weighted linear regression analysis, women had a significantly lower diastolic filling compared to men with an estimate of -5.17 (95%CI [-8.84,-2.58], p < 0.001). No significant intersex differences were observed for other TTFM parameters.

conclusionsFemales undergoing isolated CABG exhibited a significantly lower diastolic filling compared to men by intraoperative TTFM. No other TTFM differences were observed, suggesting similar grafting outcomes. These findings support the hypothesis that coronary microvascular dysfunction may play a critical role in intersex disparities in CABG outcomes.

Indexed as

Coronary Artery BypassCoronary CirculationAgedBlood Flow VelocityFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSex FactorsCABGCoronary blood flowCoronary microvascular dysfunctionSexSex differencesTTFM

Identifiers

PMID42036704
PMCPMC13262397

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.