Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42036613›Full record

ReviewAdvances in experimental medicine and biology2026

Small Non-coding RNAs and Male Infertility.

Ettore Caroppo, Monica Muratori

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Ettore CaroppoAsl Bari, PTA "F Jaia", Andrology Outpatients Clinic, Conversano (Ba), Italy. ecaroppo@teseo.it.
Monica MuratoriDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Male germ cells carry a complex RNA payload, whose quantity and composition varies during the different stages of spermatogenesis. Small non-coding RNA comprise microRNAs (miRNA), piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNA), tRNA derived small RNAs (tsRNA), endogenous siRNAs, and rRNA-derived small RNAs. MicroRNAs regulate the self-renewal and differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells, as well as their progression through meiosis, while piRNA are thought to play a crucial role at pachytene stage of adult spermatogenesis, since defective piRNA processing has been found in azoospermic men with spermatogenesis arrested mainly at late pachytene spermatocytes, and in preimplantation embryo during epigenetic reprogramming events, when they regulate de novo methylation and repress transposable elements expression. During the transit through the epididymis, sperm acquire a number of miRNA whose composition vary in the caput, corpus, and cauda, which play a fundamental role in embryo development. TsRNA are also acquired in the epididymis, and are involved in sperm maturation, fertilization, and embryonic development. Small noncoding RNA are also responsible for intergenerational and transgenerational epigenetic inheritance of environmental experiences and metabolic disorders and are currently evaluated in the infertile men as diagnostic and prognostic tools, particularly in case of azoospermia due to spermatogenic dysfunction and unexplained infertility in men with normozoospermia.

Indexed as

Infertility, MaleRNA, Small UntranslatedSpermatogenesisSpermatozoaAnimalsEpigenesis, GeneticHumansMaleMicroRNAsPiwi-Interacting RNARNA, Small InterferingMicroRNAsPiwi-Interacting RNARNA, Small InterferingRNA, Small UntranslatedMale infertilityNon-coding RNASpermSpermatogenesisSperm Epigenome

Identifiers

PMID42036613

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.