The Effect of Swallowing Related Muscle Loss on Dysphagia: A Cohort Study Based on Ultrasound Monitoring of Postoperative Patients with Intracranial Hemorrhage.

Acquired dysphagia is a common complication after intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and leads to poor prognosis. The relationship between dysphagia and stroke-related sarcopenia has recently received attention, but the related factors and prediction models are still poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors of dysphagia in patients after ICH and the effect of swallowing-related muscle loss on swallowing function during endotracheal intubation (IET) retention, and to establish a simplified dysphagia prediction model. Bedside ultrasound was used to monitor swallowing-related changes during IET in patients after ICH surgery, and swallowing function information was collected when patients entered the rehabilitation medicine department for rehabilitation. Total of 97 patients with ICH were included for analysis, and the incidence of dysphagia was 70.10%. Masseter muscle thickness (MMT), temporal muscle thickness (TMT), duration of IET, operation time (OT), and Barthel Index were significantly different between the dysphagia group and the non-dysphagia group. Logistic regression analysis showed that the changes in MMT, duration of IET, and OT were risk factors for dysphagia. The cutoff values were MMT reduction of 0.85 mm, duration of ETI were 6.5 days, and OT were 225 min. ROC analysis showed that the nomogram AUC was 0.882 (0.807-0.957). The model based on Ultrasound assessment of swallowing-related muscle loss combined with objective clinical data revealed that the changed of MMT, the ETI duration and OT are risk factors for dysphagia in patients after ICH, and are also effective indicators for predicting dysphagia after ICH.