Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42035047›Full record

ArticleBMC pediatrics2026

Psychometric properties of the Mandarin Chinese self-reported Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ Version 4.0 Generic Core Scales in school adolescents: based on the Rasch and bifactor measurement methods.

Di Wu, Yuhang Zhu, Zhenliang Qiu, Jinling Wang, Yueru Zhang, Juan Li

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Di WuThe Second Teaching and Research Section of English Major, School of Foreign Languages, Shandong Second Medical University, No. 7166 Baotong West Street, Weicheng, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China.ORCID 0000-0002-4876-7011
Yuhang ZhuTeaching and Research Section of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong Second Medical University, No. 7166 Baotong West Street, Weicheng, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China.ORCID 0000-0002-9236-2812
Zhenliang QiuNo. 1 High School of Anhui Sixian County, No. 172 Sishui Boulevard, Hongcheng Sub-district, Sixian, Suzhou, Anhui, 234300, China.
Jinling WangWeifang Dongming School, No. 2933 Beigong East Street, Kuiwen, Weifang, Shandong, 261061, China.
Yueru ZhangOffice of Science and Technology Affairs, School of Health Management, Shandong Medical and Pharmaceutical University, No. 318 Gangcheng East Street, Laishan, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China.
Juan LiTeaching and Research Section of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Health Management, Shandong Medical and Pharmaceutical University, No. 318 Gangcheng East Street, Laishan, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China. lijuan892@163.com.ORCID 0000-0001-8710-4854

Funding

"2023 Annual Higher Education Scientific Research Planning Project" of the China Association of Higher Education 23WYJ0406Educational Information Technology Research Project of Anhui Province AH2024072Educational Science Research Project of Anhui Province JK25110Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (MOE-PRC)-National Scholarship for Ph.D. Candidate BSY202008879Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (MOE-PRC)-National Scholarship for Postgraduate 19504, 2016Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province ZR2025QC855Research Initiation Grants Project of Binzhou Medical University 50012304507
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ Version 4.0 Generic Core Scales (PedsQL™ 4.0 GCS) is widely used to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in healthy children and adolescents, as well as those with acute and chronic health conditions. This study evaluates the psychometric properties of the Mandarin Chinese self-reported PedsQL™ 4.0 GCS.

methodsA comprehensive psychometric evaluation was conducted using Rasch and bifactor measurement methods. Data were drawn from a cross-sectional survey conducted in Weifang City, the Chinese Mainland, from October to November 2016, involving 4385 healthy school adolescents aged 11-17 years.

resultsRasch analysis indicated acceptable item response validity, item and person reliability, and cross-gender measurement invariance in healthy school adolescents. However, mistargeting and cross-grade measurement non-invariance require further attention. Bifactor analysis further supported the construct validity and essential unidimensionality of both summary scores, especially the Psychosocial Health score. Additionally, bifactor model-based reliability confirmed the robustness of the scale when divided into Physical and Psychosocial Health subscales.

conclusionsThe Mandarin Chinese self-reported PedsQL™ 4.0 GCS demonstrates generally sound psychometric properties in healthy school adolescents, though some psychometric issues remain. Further validation in other regions of the Chinese Mainland or in clinical samples is recommended.

Indexed as

Quality of LifeSelf ReportAdolescentChildChinaCross-Sectional StudiesEast Asian PeopleFemaleHumansMalePsychometricsReproducibility of ResultsSurveys and QuestionnairesAdolescentsBifactor analysisHealth-related quality of lifePsychometric propertiesRasch analysis

Identifiers

PMID42035047
PMCPMC13348745

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.