Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42033637›Full record

ArticleDiscover mental health2026

Prevalence and factors associated with the symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress among freelancers in Bangladesh.

Avijit Mondal, Md Sanaul Haque Mondal

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Discover mental health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Avijit MondalDepartment of Social Relations, East West University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Md Sanaul Haque MondalDepartment of Social Relations, East West University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. mshaquem@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

aimFreelancing is frequently associated with adverse mental health outcomes, including depression, anxiety, and stress. This study aims to assess depression, anxiety, and stress among freelancers in Bangladesh and determine the factors influencing the symptoms of these conditions.

methodThis was a cross-sectional study, and data were collected from 217 freelancers using Google Forms. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 items (DASS-21) were used to measure depression, anxiety, and stress of the freelancers. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. The Chi-squared test was used at the bivariate level of analysis. The binary logistic regression models were used to identify the factors associated with the symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. SPSS software (version 26) was used to perform statistical analysis.

resultsThe findings suggested that mild or higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress were observed in 57.1, 59.9, and 33.2% of freelancers, respectively. The binary logistic regression indicated that depressive symptoms were associated with work duration and primary occupation; anxiety symptoms were associated with work duration, sleep patterns, and primary occupation; and stress symptoms were related to age, educational attainment, and work duration.

conclusionThe investigation revealed a higher prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among the freelancers in Bangladesh. This research provides insightful information about the mental health status of freelancers that will enable stakeholders to develop effective support systems for their work-life balance.

Indexed as

AnxietyDepressionFreelancersGig economyStress

Identifiers

PMID42033637
PMCPMC13246994

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.