SynthesisVeterinary medicine and science2026
Antibacterial and Antioxidant Effects of Grape Seed Varieties in Iran: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Veterinary medicine and science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Grape seeds are recognized for their potential health benefits, particularly their antibacterial and antioxidant properties. This systematic review evaluates the antibacterial and antioxidant effects of grape seed varieties in Iran, highlighting the unique contributions of specific varieties. This study followed the 2020 'Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses' (PRISMA) standards. Two writers separately searched the databases Web of Science (WoS), PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar and Embase. The publication searches were carried out using various combinations of the phrases listed below: 'Antibacterial activity' OR 'Antimicrobial Activity' OR 'Antibiofilm Activity' OR 'In vitro Antimicrobial Activity' OR 'Antifungal Activity' AND 'Grape Seed,' and/or 'Grape Seed Extract' AND 'Iran'. The keywords such as 'Antioxidant activity' OR 'Antiradical Activity' OR 'DPPH, FRAP' AND 'Grape Seed,' and/or 'Grape Seed Extract' AND 'Iran' were also used. The reference lists of chosen articles were also manually reviewed and relevant articles were included. Following PRISMA guidelines, multiple databases were searched, yielding 16 eligible studies. Based on the literature data on the antibacterial activity of grape seed extracts in Iran, it is evident that ethanol and methanol extracts have been the most extensively tested. These different extracts have demonstrated good inhibitory activity against the growth of the tested bacterial strains, with varying inhibition diameters depending on the strains and extracts used. Seed extract antioxidant activity ranged from 34.03% (Green) to 53.63% (Black). Specifically, the Black grape seed extract demonstrated the highest total antioxidant capacity with DPPH (53.63%-0.34%), IC50 and AEAC (7.41 and 16.92 mg/mL) and a total phenolic content of 3 0.01 mg tannic acid/g DM. Iranian grape seeds show promising potential as a source of antioxidants and natural antimicrobial agents. This review identifies the need for targeted research on the distinct characteristics of grape seed varieties and their implications for health and agriculture in Iran.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.