Observational studyBMC medical imaging2026
Association between deep learning-based coronary artery calcium score on non-gated chest CT and progression of chronic kidney disease: a retrospective observational cohort study.
Observational study in BMC medical imaging, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Progression of coronary artery calcification in chronic kidney disease: nonlinear associations with serum magnesium and parathyroid hormone.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
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8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCoronary artery calcification (CAC) is a pathological manifestation of coronary atherosclerosis in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. CAC on non-gated chest CT images can be precisely quantified through deep learning algorithms. Nevertheless, the relationship between deep learning-based coronary artery calcium score (DL-CACS) and the progression of CKD remains unclear.
methodsBetween January 2017 and June 2022, data from individuals with CKD were retrospectively collected. All enrolled participants had undergone non-gated chest CT scans and were stratified by DL-CACS at baseline: 0, 1-100, 101–400, and > 400 Agatston units (AU). The primary outcome of this study was a composite endpoint related to CKD progression, defined as either a ≥ 50% decrease in eGFR from baseline or the initiation of kidney replacement therapy during follow-up. The secondary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), including cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, revascularization, rehospitalization resulting from heart failure or aggravated angina and all-cause mortality.
resultsAmong the 509 patients with CKD (median age: 64.00 [57.00-70.50] years old; 317 men) finally included in this study, 155 (30.5%) patients achieved primary outcome during the follow-up period of 2152 person-years. Compared to individuals without CAC, higher DL-CACS was greatly associated with CKD progression. In the fully adjusted hazard models, the hazard ratio of DL-CACS of 1-100 was 2.27 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26–4.10), 3.75 (95% CI, 2.01-7.00) for DL-CACS of 101–400, and 4.52 (95% CI, 2.45–8.33) for DL-CACS > 400. The sensitivity analyses yielded similar results with primary findings. Of the 48 patients experienced the secondary outcome of MACEs, DL-CACS of 1-100, 101–400, and > 400 were associated with HRs of 1.65 (95% CI, 0.39–7.06), 5.46 (95% CI, 1.41–21.14), and 11.60 (95% CI, 3.09–43.58), respectively, in the final hazard models.
conclusionsHigher DL-CACS is associated with an increased risk of CKD progression. Associations with MACE were directionally consistent but imprecise, reflecting the limited events and wide confidence intervals.
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