ArticleNature biomedical engineering2026
CAR-neutrophils produced in vivo to treat glioma.
Article in Nature biomedical engineering, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Leveraging Microphysiological Systems to Facilitate Neutrophil-Based Cancer Immunotherapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
21 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Despite their notable abundance in circulation and biological significance in the tumour microenvironment, direct genetic programming of neutrophils has been challenging. Here we develop a neutrophil-specific modified RNA translation platform, termed NeuSMRT, that enables the expression of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) in primary neutrophils. NeuSMRT combines engineered extracellular vesicles or lipid nanoparticles for modified RNA delivery with a microRNA-responsive L7Ae:k-turn switch to restrict protein translation to neutrophils. In a syngeneic glioma model, CAR-neutrophils produced in vivo significantly inhibit tumour growth and prolong survival, accompanied by enhanced T cell recruitment and activation, and reduced immunosuppression of myeloid cells in the tumour microenvironment. CAR-neutrophils further enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy and CAR-T therapy. Furthermore, CAR-neutrophils display antitumour activities in a humanized glioblastoma mouse model. The feasibility and safety of NeuSMRT are also demonstrated in experimental dogs. These findings establish a programmable neutrophil platform for cancer immunotherapy.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.