Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42031937›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Development of Nigella sativa essential oil loaded keratin/gelatin cryogel with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties for wound dressing.

Hasti Nouraei, Zahra Kherad, Mahboobeh Jafari, Ahmad Vaez, Ali Mohammad Tamaddon, Ali Radmanesh, Neda Amirzadeh, Zahra Zareshahrabadi

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Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Hasti NouraeiDepartment of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Zahra KheradDepartment of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Mahboobeh JafariCenter for nanotechnology in drug delivery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Ahmad VaezDepartment of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Ali Mohammad TamaddonCenter for nanotechnology in drug delivery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Ali RadmaneshMedical Student of School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Neda AmirzadehDepartment of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Zahra ZareshahrabadiBasic Sciences in Infectious Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. zare_shahrabadi@sums.ac.ir.

Funding

Vice-Chancellor for Research, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences 29853
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The effective management of infected and exudative wounds remains a persistent and critical challenge in clinical practice. Hydrogel-based dressings have emerged as a promising solution for wound healing due to their ability to mimic the native extracellular matrix. In this study, we developed an antimicrobial cryogel wound dressing composed of keratin, gelatin (Kr/Gel), and Nigella sativa essential oil (Kr/Gel@NS-EO). The formulation was engineered via a cryogelation process and strengthened through ionic crosslinking of sodium alginate. The physicochemical characterization using scanning electron microscope, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and tensile tests confirmed formation of a robust, porous, and fibrous cryogel structure. The material demonstrated optimal wound-dressing properties, such as high porosity, controlled solubility, appropriate moisture content, and favorable water vapor transmission rate that supports a moist environment. Biological evaluations demonstrated multifunctional efficacy. The cryogel showed broad-spectrum antimicrobial effectiveness against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida species (minimum inhibitory concentration: 4–16 µL/mL), significant antibiofilm activity (65–80% inhibition), high biocompatibility (~ 95%), and potent antioxidant capacity (~ 60–100%). In conclusion, Kr/Gel@NS-EO cryogel combines targeted antimicrobial delivery, strong anti-biofilm action, excellent biocompatibility, and controlled release, making it a highly promising candidate for advanced wound management.

Indexed as

Anti-Infective AgentsAntioxidantsBandagesCryogelsGelatinKeratinsNigella sativaOils, VolatileCandidaEscherichia coliMicrobial Sensitivity TestsSpectroscopy, Fourier Transform InfraredStaphylococcus aureusWound HealingAnti-Infective AgentsAntioxidantsCryogelsGelatinKeratinsOils, VolatileCandidaCryogelGelatinKeratinNigella sativaWound

Identifiers

PMID42031937
PMCPMC13275907

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.