Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42031920›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Consistent nonlinear optical refractive index [Formula: see text] measurement of porcine crystalline lens and its surrounding in the 650-900 nm range.

Vincent Comte, Julien Bilal Zinoune, Tom Meunier, Philippe Gain, Gilles Thuret, Florent Bessin, Christophe Cassagne, Georges Boudebs, Cyril Mauclair

Abstract read
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Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Vincent ComteBiiO, Biology, Engineering and Imaging for Ophthalmology Laboratory EA2521, Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Etienne, France. vincent.comte@univ-st-etienne.fr.
Julien Bilal ZinouneLPHIA, SFR MATRIX EA4464, University of Angers, Angers, France.
Tom MeunierBiiO, Biology, Engineering and Imaging for Ophthalmology Laboratory EA2521, Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Etienne, France.
Philippe GainBiiO, Biology, Engineering and Imaging for Ophthalmology Laboratory EA2521, Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Etienne, France.
Gilles ThuretBiiO, Biology, Engineering and Imaging for Ophthalmology Laboratory EA2521, Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Etienne, France.
Florent BessinLPHIA, SFR MATRIX EA4464, University of Angers, Angers, France.
Christophe CassagneLPHIA, SFR MATRIX EA4464, University of Angers, Angers, France.
Georges BoudebsLPHIA, SFR MATRIX EA4464, University of Angers, Angers, France.
Cyril MauclairLPHIA, SFR MATRIX EA4464, University of Angers, Angers, France.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The nonlinear optical properties of transparent ocular media have been shown to alter the focused intensity distribution of femtosecond laser pulses, potentially affecting the precision of laser ophthalmic surgery. In this study, the nonlinear refractive index [Formula: see text] of porcine aqueous humor, crystalline lens and vitreous humor was measured using two complementary techniques: the standard Z-scan-derived D4σ method and the phase-object imaging method. Both were performed with a tunable femtosecond laser source across the visible to near-infrared range (650-900 nm). All measured [Formula: see text] values were found to be close to [Formula: see text] within experimental uncertainties, with no measurable nonlinear absorption detected. Notably, the phase-object technique proved particularly well-suited for slightly scattering or heterogeneous media, such as the freshly extracted crystalline lens, when calibrated against a reference medium (here, water). These experimental results allow for a quantitative numerical assessment of pulse and beam degradation due to nonlinear refraction during procedures like cataract surgery, as well as an evaluation of its potential impact on photodisruption geometry.

Indexed as

Aqueous humorEye lensNonlinear refractionPhase objectVitreous humor

Identifiers

PMID42031920
PMCPMC13280241

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.