ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2026
Lactoperoxidase is a candidate for mediating neuromelanin formation in the human substantia nigra.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The presence of neuromelanin is a characteristic feature of the human substantia nigra (SN); however, the mechanism of its synthesis and its role in the development of Parkinson's disease remain unclear. Here, we report that the host defense enzyme lactoperoxidase (LPO), which possesses broad antimicrobial activity on mucosal surfaces, is selectively expressed in human dopaminergic neurons, a feature not shared by the rodent SN. We also demonstrate that LPO can catalyze multiple steps of melanin formation in vitro, and transgenic expression of human LPO in the rat SN induces the appearance of neuromelanin. Based on our results, LPO likely contributes to neuromelanin formation in the SN. Since LPO degrades H
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