Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42029792›Full record

ArticleMikrochimica acta2026

Electronic-conformational fusion hapten design boosts antibody sensitivity for chlorothalonil immunoassay.

Yanting Liu, Jiahong Chen, Tian Guan, Xianfei Chen, Xiaoqin Yu, Jingbing Xu, Qiuhua Mo, Bingzhi Wang, Hongtao Lei, Chengxian Guo

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Mikrochimica acta, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Yanting Liu *Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/Nation-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
Jiahong Chen *Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/Nation-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
Tian GuanGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/Nation-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
Xianfei ChenGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/Nation-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
Xiaoqin YuSichuan Institute of Food Inspection, Key Laboratory of Baijiu Supervising Technology for State Market Regulation, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610000, China.
Jingbing XuChongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing, 400700, China.
Qiuhua MoBioeasy Technology, Inc, Shenzhen, 518102, China.
Bingzhi WangBioeasy Technology, Inc, Shenzhen, 518102, China.
Hongtao LeiGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/Nation-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China. hongtao@scau.edu.cn.
Chengxian GuoCenter for Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China. gchxyy@163.com.

Funding

Key Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province 2025B0202120005the National Natural Science Foundation of China 32530081, 32472433Zhongshan Science and Technology Innovation Team CXTD2022004
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chlorothalonil (CTN), a Group 2B probable carcinogen classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and persistent broad-spectrum fungicide, requires ultrasensitive on-site monitoring. Conventional empirical hapten design for CTN immunoassays fundamentally limits antibody sensitivity, while the electronic-conformational fusion strategy presented significantly boosts detection sensitivity. A sensitive colloidal-gold immunochromatographic assay (CG-ICA) via this pipeline has been developed: four rationally designed haptens were screened in silico, with Hapten-1 (0.89 conformational similarity to CTN) identified as optimal. The derived monoclonal antibody 2C4 exhibited a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of 0.36 ng mL⁻¹ and < 0.01% cross-reactivity to 10 structural analogs in the buffer system, demonstrating excellent intrinsic binding performance and laying a solid foundation for subsequent on-site detection method development. AlphaFold3-based molecular docking first proposed a structurally plausible recognition model between CTN and the antibody. The established CG-ICA achieved a detection capability (CCβ) ≤ 120 ng g⁻¹ for the two tested vegetable matrices under the EU 2021/808 framework, which is compliant with the regulatory requirements of GB 2763 − 2021. The method showed 100% qualitative consistency with LC-MS/MS in the 20 tested real vegetable samples, supporting its reliability for on-site rapid screening. This workflow provides a quantitative design reference for hapten screening and antibody sensitivity improvement in small-molecule immunoassays.

Indexed as

Antibodies, MonoclonalFungicides, IndustrialHaptensNitrilesGold ColloidImmunoassayLimit of DetectionMolecular Docking SimulationVegetablesAntibodies, MonoclonalFungicides, IndustrialGold ColloidHaptensNitrilestetrachloroisophthalonitrileAntibodyChlorothalonilColloidal gold immunochromatographic assayRationally designed hapten

Identifiers

PMID42029792

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.