ArticleJACC. Case reports2026
Inferior Sinus Venosus Defect: Inconclusive Transesophageal Echocardiography Clarified by Computed Tomography and Intracardiac Echocardiography.
Article in JACC. Case reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundInferior sinus venosus (SV) atrial septal defect (ASD) is a rare interatrial communication, found near the inferior vena cava (IVC)-right atrial (RA) junction, that may be overlooked on transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). CASE SUMMARY: A 52-year-old woman with childhood secundum ASD closure presented with progressive right heart enlargement. Transthoracic echocardiography showed marked right-sided dilation without a detectable shunt. TEE confirmed an intact fossa ovalis patch but did not adequately visualize the IVC-RA junction. Electrocardiogram-gated cardiac computed tomography (CT) revealed an inferior SVASD with anomalous drainage of 2 right lower pulmonary veins into the RA. Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) identified a low interatrial communication and Doppler evidence of anomalous pulmonary venous inflow. Surgical baffle repair redirected pulmonary venous return to the left atrium without complications. DISCUSSION: CT and ICE provided complementary anatomic and functional information when TEE was inconclusive. TAKE-HOME MESSAGES: TEE may not detect inferior SVASDs. CT and ICE serve as critical complementary modalities.
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