Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42028862›Full record

ReviewJournal of cellular and molecular medicine2026

Emerging Therapeutic Strategies in Oral Cancer: Epigenetic, Mitochondrial and Immunotherapy Approaches.

Geetha Shanmugam, Carmelin Durai Singh, Rekha Thiruvengadam, Muthu Thiruvengadam, Vitaly Morozov, Roman Kolesnikov, Ali Alkaladi, Rashad Saleh, Mohammad Ali Shariati

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of cellular and molecular medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Geetha ShanmugamCenter for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Carmelin Durai SinghMicrobiology and Nanoscience Lab-Helix Research Studio, Department of Neonatology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Rekha ThiruvengadamMicrobiology and Nanoscience Lab-Helix Research Studio, Department of Neonatology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Muthu ThiruvengadamDepartment of Applied Bioscience, College of Life and Environmental Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Vitaly MorozovSaints Petersburg State Agrarian University, Saints Petersburg, Russia.
Roman KolesnikovSaints Petersburg State Agrarian University, Saints Petersburg, Russia.
Ali AlkaladiDepartment of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Rashad SalehMedical Microbiology Department, College of Sciences, Ibb University, Ibb Governorate, Yemen.ORCID 0000-0003-4427-249X
Mohammad Ali ShariatiSaints Petersburg State Agrarian University, Saints Petersburg, Russia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of oral cancer and poses treatment challenges owing to genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. Conventional treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy, often have limitations in terms of efficacy and tolerability. Advances in epigenetic therapies such as DNA methyltransferase and histone deacetylase inhibitors offer promising avenues for reversing abnormal gene expression in OSCC. Mitochondria-targeted therapies leverage metabolic disruption and reactive oxygen species modulation to induce apoptosis. Immunotherapy, particularly with immune checkpoint inhibitors and cancer vaccines, enhances the immune response against cancer cells. This review explores the interplay between the tumour microenvironment and oral microbiome in OSCC progression and treatment response. Additionally, RNA interference therapy and nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems enable targeted therapeutic strategies, reduce off-target effects and improve efficacy. Although these approaches show potential, challenges in clinical translation remain. The integration of precision medicine with innovative drug delivery systems can significantly improve patient outcomes in oral cancer management.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, Squamous CellEpigenesis, GeneticImmunotherapyMitochondriaMouth NeoplasmsAnimalsHumansTumor Microenvironmentepigenetic alterationsmitochondrial dysregulationnanoparticle‐based drug deliveryoral cancerRNA interferencetumour microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID42028862
PMCPMC13107426

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.