ArticleCureus2026
Massive Hemoptysis From Concurrent Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Necrotizing Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia, and Pneumocystis jirovecii Coinfection Revealing Idiopathic CD4 Lymphocytopenia.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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Abstract
Idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia (ICL) is a rare and underrecognized immunodeficiency characterized by persistent CD4⁺ T-cell depletion in the absence of HIV infection or other identifiable causes. Patients are often diagnosed only after presenting with severe opportunistic infections. Massive hemoptysis is a life-threatening complication typically attributed to a single pulmonary pathology, and the coexistence of multiple opportunistic infections in HIV-negative patients is exceedingly rare. We report a 29-year-old previously healthy female who presented with progressive cough, fever, and hemoptysis, culminating in life-threatening massive hemoptysis requiring intensive care. Imaging demonstrated diffuse tree-in-bud nodularity with necrotizing left upper lobe consolidation. Microbiologic evaluation revealed concurrent pulmonary tuberculosis, necrotizing methicillin-resistant
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