ArticleCentral-European journal of immunology2025
Glutaminase-mediated glutamate metabolism is critical for maintaining Th17/Treg balance.
Article in Central-European journal of immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Metabolic regulation of Th17/Treg balance.Central-European journal of immunology · 2025Article
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Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are severe disorders that affect populations worldwide. Their occurrence is considered to be multifactorial: genetic, hormonal and immunological factors all contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases. CD4 T cells differentiate into different subtypes, among which Th17 and Treg cells are the two most important in regulation of immune response balance. The Th17/Treg equilibrium is crucial in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Glutamate, an excitatory neurotransmitter in the nervous system, induces multiple effects. It activates normal T cells, enhancing cell adhesion, migration, secretion and gene expression. However, the effect of glutamate on T cell fate remains unclear. Here, we found that glutamate promotes Treg differentiation but suppresses Th17 differentiation. Further results showed that the rate-limiting enzyme of glutamate metabolism, glutaminase (GLS), is the key regulator for Treg cell generation. These findings suggest that GLS-mediated glutamate metabolism is critical for Treg cell differentiation, and may represent a potential therapeutic target for autoimmune disease.
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