Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42028058›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of pharmaceutics: X2026

Biomineralized outer membrane vesicles for synergistic immuno-photodynamic therapy of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Jingyuan Wang, Guanxiong Zhu, Hongru Zhang, Liting Zeng, Da Li, Xinyi Li, Yang Yu, Lu Liang, Lingmin Zhang, Lina Yu

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of pharmaceutics: X, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Jingyuan WangDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, PR China.
Guanxiong ZhuDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, PR China.
Hongru ZhangDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, PR China.
Liting ZengDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, PR China.
Da LiDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, PR China.
Xinyi LiDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, PR China.
Yang YuDepartment of Sports and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, Guangdong, PR China.
Lu LiangDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, PR China.
Lingmin ZhangDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, PR China.
Lina YuDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, PR China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Immunotherapy against oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) currently exhibits a clinical response rate significantly lower than anticipated, underscoring the need for more effective therapeutic strategies. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) represent promising natural immune modulators; however, their systemic application is limited by risks such as cytokine storms and inadequate tumor accumulation. To overcome these challenges, this study developed biomineralized OMVs coated with calcium phosphate (CaP) and subsequently loaded with the photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) on the surface, termed OMVs@CaP-Ce6 (OCC). The resulting OCC demonstrates enhanced tumor accumulation and responsiveness to acidic conditions, including the tumor microenvironment (TME). Under acidic pH conditions, the CaP shell disintegrates, releasing both OMVs and Ce6 to enable synergistic immunotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT). PDT promotes cancer cell apoptosis, while OMVs activate antitumor immunity by modulating immune responses. Studies demonstrate that OCC, as a highly biocompatible and synergistic platform, effectively suppresses tumor growth under laser irradiation by eliminating cancer cells and reversing the immunosuppressive TME to enhance antitumor immunity. This spatiotemporal and biomineralized OCC system maximizes the immunotherapeutic potential of OMVs, overcomes the limitations of conventional monotherapies, and offers a promising alternative strategy for the effective treatment of OSCC.

Indexed as

Bacterial outer membrane vesiclesCancer immunotherapyOral squamous cell carcinomaPhotodynamic therapy

Identifiers

PMID42028058
PMCPMC13100294

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.