Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42027843›Full record

ArticleRadiology case reports2026

Cutaneous fistula of the breast: A complication of cosmetic autologous fat transfer.

Anna H Maki, Millicent Gentry, Christi S Bourne

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Radiology case reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Anna H MakiDepartment of Breast Imaging, SMIL Research Institute, 9700 N 91st St. Suite C200, Scottsdale, AZ 85258.
Millicent GentryDepartment of Breast Imaging, Southwest Diagnostic Imaging, Ltd., 9700 N 91st St. Suite C200, Scottsdale, AZ 85258.
Christi S BourneDepartment of Breast Surgery, Arizona Center for Cancer Care (AZCCC), 19646 N 27th Ave. #407, Phoenix, AZ 85027.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Autologous fat transfer is a growing cosmetic procedure which is most often well tolerated with generally low rate of complications, the majority of which occur in the immediate post-treatment period. The procedure has been more recently applied to the breast as an alternative to traditional prosthetic augmentation. We present a case of a delayed cutaneous fistula, which occurred 18 months following fat transfer procedure, in a 34-year-old female. The patient presented with increasing pain and dermal erythema. Mammographic appearance evolved from a typical thin-walled liponecrotic cyst to a dense mass with an obscured margin. Sonography showed complex cystic and solid components, with an elongated tract extending to the draining fistula at the dermis. The fistula and symptoms ultimately resolved following antimicrobial therapy and conservative treatment. Physicians and patients should be aware of this uncommon potential complication.

Indexed as

Breast augmentationCutaneous fistulaFat transfer

Identifiers

PMID42027843
PMCPMC13099456

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.