ArticleLasers in surgery and medicine2026
Ex Vivo and In Vivo Histological Evaluation of a 3-μm Wavelength, 40-μm Spot Size Fractional Laser System for Dermatology.
Article in Lasers in surgery and medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesAblative fractional lasers are widely used for skin renewal and rejuvenation. The typical diameter of beam incident on skin is in the range 100-500 μm, which has been shown to be safe and effective for skin treatment. This study presents the first in vivo analysis of a novel 3050/3200 nm Difference Frequency Generation laser, which has a beam diameter of 40 μm. The objective is to determine if treatment with such a small beam diameter-microfractional treatment-can induce skin renewal and improvement. MATERIAL AND
methodsExperiments were performed with ex vivo mini-pig skin to determine the correlation between pulse energy and ablation depth. Laser treatment was then performed on in vivo human abdominal skin, which was planned for removal with abdominoplasty. Various pulse energies (range 3-29 mJ) and numbers of dots per cm² (range 2600-441 dost/cm
resultsPulse energy (range 2-40 mJ) can be chosen to obtain desired ablation depth (150-2000 μm)-this relationship was obtained. The microfractional skin ablation allows application of a high density, that is, number of dots per cm² with subsequent healing in a scar-free manner. The main steps of the regeneration processes induced by 3-μm laser are similar to those induced by other lasers. The treatment resulted in an increased number of fibroblasts (1.7-2.7 fold change), procollagen I synthesis (1.4-3.4 fold change), and neovascularization (1.9-2.7 fold change) 3 months after treatment. We also observed changes in the TGF-β isoforms, CD68, and neutrophil elastase, with timing of the changes showing slight dependance on treatment parameters. Finally, tissue response in terms of collagen synthesis and neovascularization is correlated with tissue ablation volume.
conclusionThe microfractional 3050/3200 nm laser treatment enables application of a high dot number/cm
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