ArticleJournal of attention disorders2026
Associations between ADHD Symptoms and Psychiatric Symptoms in Children: Effects of Functional Impairment and Temperament.
Article in Journal of attention disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveADHD is a highly prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder that is associated with elevated rates of co-occurring psychiatric symptoms. The present study evaluated the role of functional impairment in mediating the association between ADHD symptoms and psychiatric symptoms, as well as the moderating role of temperament traits.
methodParticipants included two cohorts: an early childhood longitudinal sample (ages 2-4 years;
resultsAcross both samples, we found significant mediation effects for depression and aggression. In the middle childhood sample, functional impairment also fully mediated the association between ADHD and anxiety symptom severity. In the moderated mediation models, negative affect enhanced indirect effects on depression in early childhood and aggression in middle childhood. There were no protective effects of surgency.
conclusionsIntervention specifically targeting functional impairment in this population has key clinical implications as it may help reduce the elevated risk of psychiatric comorbidity in the ADHD population, particularly in children with elevated levels of negative emotionality who are seemingly at highest risk.
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