SynthesisPrenatal diagnosis2026
Cardiac Function in Fetal Growth Restriction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Prenatal diagnosis, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Heart of Fetal Growth Restriction: Congenital Heart Defects-An Analysis of Risk Factors and Morbidity Outcomes.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Maternal Cardiovascular Phenotype in Fetal Growth Restriction with or Without Pre-Eclampsia: Insights from Echocardiography and Clinical Implications.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo compare cardiac function in fetuses with and without fetal growth restriction (FGR).
methodsMedline and Embase databases were searched. Inclusion criteria were pregnancies complicated compared to those non-complicated by FGR, defined according to the Delphi criteria. The following cardiovascular parameters were assessed. Markers of cardiac geometry and morphology, including the left and right sphericity index (SI). Markers primarily affecting the systolic function, including right (TAPSE) and left (MAPSE) cardiac output (CO), atrioventricular plane displacement, and peak systolic velocity of the aorta and pulmonary arteries. Markers primarily affecting the diastolic function, including the mitral and tricuspid E/A ratio. Markers of global cardiac function, including left and right isovolumetric contraction time (ICT), isovolumetric relaxation time (IRT) ejection time (ET), and myocardial performance index (MPI). Random-effect meta-analyses were used to analyze the data.
resultsFifteen studies were included. Fetuses affected by FGR had a smaller right SI (MD -0.23, 95% CI 0.44 to -0.01; p: 0.04) and left (MD: -0.20, 95% CI -0.33 to -0.05) compared to those not affected. There was no difference in left (p = 0.179) and right (p = 0.068) CO between fetuses affected and those not affected by FGR. Fetuses with FGR had shorter MAPSE (MD: -0.91 mm, 95% CI: -1.25 to -0.57; p < 0.001) and TAPSE (MD: -1.09 mm, 95% CI: -1.23 to -0.96; p < 0.001), while there was no difference in mitral (p = 0.832) and tricuspid (p = 0.504) E/A ratio. Left MPI was higher (MD: 0.09, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.14; p < 0.001) in fetuses with FGR compared with controls.
conclusionFGR is associated with significant changes in fetal cardiac geometry and function.
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