SynthesisSystematic reviews2026
A systematic review of the effectiveness, safety and acceptance of nicotine replacement therapy use for vaping cessation in youth aged 17 years or younger.
Synthesis in Systematic reviews, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundYouth vaping is a major global public health issue with significant physical, psychological and behavioural risks. This systematic review aims to review published studies and guidelines on the effectiveness, safety and acceptability of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) use to promote vaping cessation in youth aged 17-years or younger.
methodsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, PsychINFO, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, NIH Clinical Trials, EU Clinical Trials, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Google Scholar and reference lists of relevant publications for studies on NRT and vaping cessation published in English since 2010. One reviewer screened titles and abstracts, and two reviewers independently performed title-abstract and full text screening according to the pre-determined inclusion criteria. There were no disagreements. Data on study and intervention characteristics, vaping cessation, safety concerns and acceptance of NRT were extracted by one reviewer and checked by another. Risk of bias assessment was performed by one reviewer and verified by another using the "NOS-xs tool" adapted from the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for cross-sectional studies and a novel tool was developed for case series.
resultsTwo records and eight guidelines were identified. One case series (n = 6; only one aged ≤ 17) assessed the effectiveness and acceptance of NRT and 4 participants including 1 aged 17 were vape-free at 8-months; all participants 'felt comfortable' using NRT. A cross-sectional study (n = 2229) found 58.9% of participants were interested in using NRT as a vaping cessation aid if it was offered for free. Most of the 8 guidelines supported NRT use in youth aged ≥ 12 years for smoking cessation: none mentioned vaping cessation.
conclusionsThis review underscores the critical gaps in the evidence for NRT use as a vaping cessation tool for youth aged 17 or younger and calls for urgent research to address these gaps. Vaping is a global public health issue and the detrimental effects of nicotine on youth are well established. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42024561969.
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