ArticleSpinal cord2026
Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and psychometric validation of the Spinal Cord independence measure version IV for European Portuguese.
Article in Spinal cord, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
STUDY
designLongitudinal prospective cohort study.
objectivesThis study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Spinal Cord Independence Measure Version IV (SCIM-IV) for European Portuguese (EU-PT).
settingSpinal Cord Injury (SCI) unit of a rehabilitation center in Portugal.
methodsThe translation followed Beaton's guidelines and included cognitive debriefing by rehabilitation professionals. Psychometric validation complied with COSMIN standards, including internal consistency (Cronbach's α, item-total correlations), construct and structural validity, and responsiveness. Construct validity was tested via correlations with the motor domain of the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI) motor scores. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess structural validity.
resultsSixty-six adults (81.8% male; median age 62.5 years) were assessed at admission and discharge during the subacute phase of SCI. The EU-PT version demonstrated strong semantic and conceptual equivalence. Cognitive debriefing improved the clarity and comprehension of the items. Internal consistency was high for the total scale (α = 0.86-0.91), although it was lower in the 'Respiration and Sphincter Management' subscale. Strong construct validity was supported by correlations with the motor FIM (r = 0.84-0.95) and motor scores (r = 0.63-0.77). Structural validity was suboptimal, particularly in the 'Respiration and Sphincter' domain. The scale was highly responsive (effect size=1.35) and correlated with functional gains (r = 0.77).
conclusionsThe EU-PT SCIM-IV version exhibited strong linguistic and psychometric properties. This enables standardized assessment in EU-PT-speaking contexts and supports international collaboration in SCI rehabilitation research and training.
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