Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42026124›Full record

ArticleNature microbiology2026

Emergence of distinct Streptococcus pyogenes emm1 and emm12 lineages in China.

Yuanhai You, Dingle Yu, Chao Yang, Xiaomin Peng, Ouli Xie, Hesheng Chang, Chunzhen Hua, Fei Zhao, Xiaomei Yan, Menghan Zhang and 22 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Nature microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

32 authors.

Yuanhai You *National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China. youyuanhai@icdc.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4747-660X
Dingle Yu *Department of Respiration, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shantou University Medical College, Shenzhen, China.
Chao Yang *Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0626-0586
Xiaomin Peng *Beijing Key Laboratory of Surveillance, Early Warning and Pathogen Research on Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China.
Ouli Xie *The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5032-1932
Hesheng Chang *Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Chunzhen Hua *Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Fei ZhaoNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Xiaomei YanNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Menghan ZhangSuzhou Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganisms for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases, Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, China.
Xinwei RuanThe University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1963-3807
Jasmine E J WellsInstitute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Stephan BrouwerInstitute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9777-2992
Camila Duitama GonzálezDepartment of Computational Biology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6805-2331
Ming FangShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Monitoring, Early Warning Prevention and Control for Infectious Diseases, Jinan, China.
Xiaojie YuHainan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou, China.
Lu SunNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Xiaoyue WeiNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Jie LiuNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Daitao ZhangBeijing Key Laboratory of Surveillance, Early Warning and Pathogen Research on Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China.
Lihua HeNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Jiazheng WangDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jinan, China.
Chuyang SunHainan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou, China.
Yuejie ZhengDepartment of Respiration, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shantou University Medical College, Shenzhen, China.
Sebastian DucheneThe University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Mingming ZhouChildren's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Lifang SunDepartment of Respiration, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shantou University Medical College, Shenzhen, China.
Mark R DaviesThe University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. mark.davies1@unimelb.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6141-5179
Mark J WalkerInstitute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. mark.walker@uq.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7423-2769
Quanyi WangBeijing Key Laboratory of Surveillance, Early Warning and Pathogen Research on Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China. bjcdcxm@126.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9552-2503
Jianzhong ZhangNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China. zhanngjianzhong@icdc.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7056-8206
Yonghong YangDepartment of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China. yyh628628@sina.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8423-1652

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cases of scarlet fever have increased since 2011 across China. However, genomic epidemiological knowledge of Streptococcus pyogenes, the causative agent, is limited. Here we present a longitudinal analysis of S. pyogenes isolates (n = 1,029) across emm1 and emm12 genotypes collected from eight provinces across China between 1993 and 2024. Genomic data integrated with national scarlet fever incidence data confirmed emm12 and emm1 as dominant genotypes underlying five incidence peaks and disease resurgence in 2024. Phylogenetic analysis showed independent evolution of these genotypes in China compared to global epidemic lineages. Four emm12 clades were present in China before 2011 but were replaced by a single clade, Clade II, by 2020. A dominant emm1 clade, M1

Indexed as

Antigens, BacterialBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsCarrier ProteinsScarlet FeverStreptococcal InfectionsStreptococcus pyogenesChinaGenotypeHumansLongitudinal StudiesPhylogenyProphagesTetracycline ResistanceAntigens, BacterialBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsCarrier Proteinsstreptococcal M protein

Identifiers

PMID42026124

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.