ArticleAmerican journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology2026
Human body surface area scales linearly with height and mass and is largely independent of body composition: a 3-D laser scanning and body composition study.
Article in American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Body surface area is fundamental to clinical medicine, underpinning drug dosing in oncology and pediatrics and normalizing physiological variables such as cardiac output and glomerular filtration rate. Despite over a century of use, most body surface area equations adopt power-law forms derived empirically with little explicit biological justification, and whether body composition data improve prediction has remained unclear. Here, we used high-resolution three-dimensional laser scanning to measure body surface area and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to measure body composition in 106 healthy adults spanning a wide range of ages, body sizes, and demographic features. Notably, simple linear models predicted body surface area as accurately as complex power-law or body composition-aware formulations: according to sex-specific linear regression, body surface area changes by about 100-115 cm
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