Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42023763›Full record

ReviewJAAPA : official journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants2026

Body dysmorphic disorder: Diagnostic challenges and current management.

Cierra P Geho, Steven R Hardin, Joel L Panicker, Oliver L Marra, Jonathan L Odom, Burke A Glover, Abigail K Wilcock, Ryan Rafa, Sarah Brammer, Deanna M Schmitt

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in JAAPA : official journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Cierra P GehoAt West Liberty University in West Liberty, WV, Cierra P. Geho, Steven R. Hardin, Joel L. Panicker, Oliver L. Marra, Jonathan L. Odom, Burke A. Glover, and Abigail K. Wilcock are students in the PA program; Ryan Rafa is a guest lecturer; Sarah Brammer is an associate professor in and director of the PA program; and Deanna M. Schmitt is an associate professor of biology. Ryan Rafa is also a staff PA and a medical resource director for West Virginia at Harmony, A Member of Transformations Care Network in Morgantown, WV. The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.
Steven R Hardin
Joel L Panicker
Oliver L Marra
Jonathan L Odom
Burke A Glover
Abigail K Wilcock
Ryan Rafa
Sarah Brammer
Deanna M Schmitt

Funding

WV INBRE: The Inhibitor of Growth Family Member 4 (ING4) inhibits L-Type Amino Acid Transporter 1 (LAT1) expression to suppress Breast CancerP20GM103434 · NIGMS · MARSHALL UNIVERSITY · PI GARY O RANKIN · 2012 to 2026
$61.1M
NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM103434
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

abstractBody dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a psychiatric condition characterized by obsessive preoccupation with perceived flaws in appearance, causing significant dysfunction in daily life. BDD is often misdiagnosed due to patient concealment and its overlap with other mental health disorders. Increasing clinician awareness can overcome the diagnostic challenges presented by BDD. Early-onset BDD, particularly in adolescents, is associated with an increased risk of comorbidities and suicide. BDD may present with subthreshold symptoms before meeting full diagnostic criteria or before the patient discloses symptoms, creating an opportunity for earlier detection in primary and specialty care. Although first-line treatment consists of cognitive behavioral therapy and serotonin reuptake inhibitors, additional research and therapies are needed as many patients do not achieve full symptom remission. Early recognition and accurate diagnosis of BDD are vital for improving quality of life and optimizing long-term patient outcomes.

Indexed as

Body Dysmorphic DisordersAdolescentBody ImageCognitive Behavioral TherapyHumansQuality of LifeSelective Serotonin Reuptake InhibitorsSelective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitorsbody dysmorphic disorderbody imagecognitive behavioral therapymental healthpsychiatryserotonin reuptake inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID42023763
PMCPMC13217379

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.