Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42023412›Full record

ArticleTranslational sports medicine2026

Velocity-Dependent Stress Changes in the Hamstring Muscle-Tendon Complex: A Study Using Human Cadavers.

Gakuto Nakao, Kazuma Yamagata, Risa Adachi, Koki Ishiyama, Kazuyoshi Kozawa, Kanna Nagaishi, Masaki Katayose, Keigo Taniguchi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Translational sports medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Gakuto NakaoDepartment of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan, sapmed.ac.jp.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3124-2144
Kazuma YamagataGraduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan, sapmed.ac.jp.
Risa AdachiGraduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan, sapmed.ac.jp.
Koki IshiyamaGraduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan, sapmed.ac.jp.
Kazuyoshi KozawaGraduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan, sapmed.ac.jp.
Kanna NagaishiDepartment of Anatomy, Division of Functional Morphology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan, sapmed.ac.jp.
Masaki KatayoseDepartment of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan, sapmed.ac.jp.
Keigo TaniguchiDepartment of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan, sapmed.ac.jp.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1936-232X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hamstring strain injuries frequently occur during high-speed running, when muscle tension is markedly increased. Given the viscoelastic properties of muscle, stress during elongation is expected to be velocity-dependent. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of elongation velocity on the stress in individual hamstring muscles. Seven Thiel-embalmed cadaveric lower limbs were used to isolate the biceps femoris long head, semimembranosus, and semitendinosus muscles. Specimens were fixed to a testing apparatus and passively elongated to 10% strain at five elongation velocities (20-300 mm/min), while tensile load and displacement were recorded. Muscle cross-sectional area was measured using ultrasound to calculate stress. A two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance examined the effects of muscle and velocity on stress at 10% strain. The results revealed no significant interaction between muscle and velocity (

Indexed as

mechanical propertiesmuscle strainstress–strain curve

Identifiers

PMID42023412
PMCPMC13096932

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.