ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026
A comprehensive analysis of humanized mouse models for the study of cancer immunotherapies.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Beyond the blood-brain barrier: humanised mice, the missing link in glioblastoma research.Oncogene · 2026Review
- Experimental Models and Nanotechnology-Based Platforms in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: From Tumor Biology to Translational Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Establishing human immune system mice: application, opportunity, and challenges.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- A fully human afucosylated anti-GARP antibody PBA-0111 drives anti-tumor immunity through combined ADCC induction and TGF-β1 pathway blockade.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Introduction: Humanized immune system (HIS) mouse models, generated by engrafting tumors and hematopoietic cells of human (Hu) origin into immunodeficient host mice, effectively recapitulate key aspects of the crosstalk between human immune cells and tumors. These models represent a valuable tool for the preclinical evaluation of immunotherapies. Methods: In this study, we provide a comprehensive comparison of two widely used HIS models: the Hu-CD34+ model, which engrafts Hu-hematopoietic cells derived from Hu-CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and the Hu-PBMC model, which utilizes Hu-peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Results: We assess the kinetics, quality and extent of immune cell engraftment, as well as the development of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Additionally, we investigate the impact of different immunodeficient host mouse strains on immune cell reconstitution in the Hu-CD34+ model. Both HIS models were engrafted with human tumors derived from either cell lines or patient-derived xenografts (PDX), revealing distinct immune-tumor interactions that influenced antitumor responses. Notably, tumor responses to T-cell-directed therapies, including anti-PD1 antibodies, IL-2-anti-IL-2 antibody complexes, and T-cell engagers, varied across these models. Discussion: Our findings provide novel insights into the properties and limitations of HIS models, offering a critical resource for optimizing next-generation immuno-oncology strategies and guiding the design of future therapeutic interventions.
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