Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42023148›Full record

ArticleiScience2026

Single cell profiling reveals malignant states and immune landscapes in PCNSL and systemic DLBCL.

Fuqiang Cai, Xiaofang Wang, Shunjie Zhang, Yumiao Li, Shenghan Wang, Jijun Zhu, Pan Li, Zhongting Huang, Weixin Liu, Zhijian Song and 6 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in iScience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Fuqiang CaiSchool of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
Xiaofang WangDepartment of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Hebei, China.
Shunjie ZhangCenter for Intelligent Medicine, Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Yumiao LiDepartment of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Hebei, China.
Shenghan WangCenter for Intelligent Medicine, Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Jijun ZhuCenter for Intelligent Medicine, Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Pan LiCenter for Intelligent Medicine, Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Zhongting HuangCenter for Intelligent Medicine, Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Weixin LiuSchool of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
Zhijian SongSchool of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
Chang TianDepartment of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Hebei, China.
Yan LiDepartment of Haematology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Guiliang HanDepartment of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Hebei, China.
Junfang ChenCenter for Intelligent Medicine, Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Fei LingSchool of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
Youchao JiaDepartment of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Hebei, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare, aggressive subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with distinct biology. We present the first integrative single-cell transcriptomic atlas comparing PCNSL and systemic DLBCL (sDLBCL), profiling 171,322 cells from 31 patients. We identified five malignant B-cell subtypes with discrete differentiation trajectories. A CNS-enriched progenitor-like B0 subtype with MYC/VEGFA activation predominated in PCNSL and was linked to poor prognosis. PCNSL also exhibited a highly immunosuppressive microenvironment with exhausted cytotoxic T cells, M2-like macrophages, and elevated PD-L1, TIGIT, and BTLA. In contrast, sDLBCL showed more inflammatory signatures. Co-expression network and pharmacogenomic modeling revealed subtype-specific transcriptional modules associated with resistance and outcome. Modules ME7/ME15 were enriched in PCNSL, while ME17 marked drug resistance in sDLBCL. These findings establish PCNSL as a transcriptionally and immunologically distinct entity and provide a rationale for targeted immunotherapy.

Indexed as

health sciencesmedicineoncology

Identifiers

PMID42023148
PMCPMC13097095

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.