ArticleHealth science reports2026
Cytopenias With HIV in the Era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy: Are We Winning the Battle?
Article in Health science reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Hematological Profile and Outcomes in Newly Diagnosed Patients with HIV: A 12-Month Single-Centre Cohort Study.Viruses · 2026Article
- Clinico-microbiological investigation of factors contributing to suboptimal viral suppression among HIV/AIDS patients on sustained antiretroviral treatment in the upper east region of Ghana.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background and Aim: Cytopenias remain among the most frequent hematologic complications of HIV infection, affecting treatment outcomes and quality of life. The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy has markedly reduced their incidence by restoring immune function and suppressing viral replication. However, the magnitude of this progress varies widely between developed and underdeveloped regions. While cytopenias have declined substantially in developed countries due to early HAART initiation and advanced monitoring, they remain prevalent in low-resource settings where delayed diagnosis, coinfections, and limited healthcare infrastructure persist. This review aims to synthesize current evidence on HIV-associated cytopenias in the HAART era, comparing regional trends, underlying mechanisms, and management outcomes. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for studies published from 2000 to 2025. Search terms included Results: Evidence shows a substantial decline in the prevalence and severity of cytopenias in developed regions, largely due to early HAART initiation, improved monitoring, and access to less myelotoxic drug regimens. In contrast, in underdeveloped regions, cytopenias remain common, driven by delayed diagnosis, limited HAART coverage, malnutrition, coinfections, and inadequate laboratory capacity. Persistent anemia and thrombocytopenia continue to undermine quality of life and treatment outcomes in these settings. Conclusion: The global fight against HIV-associated cytopenias illustrates both the success and inequity of the HAART era. While developed countries have largely overcome the burden, underdeveloped regions continue to struggle with preventable hematologic complications. To fully "win the battle," there is an urgent need for equitable access to early diagnosis, optimized therapy, and comprehensive hematologic support worldwide.
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Registered trials
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