Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42022577›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in chemistry2026

Afrah E Mohammed, Reham M Aldahasi, Hessa O Aldraiwiesh, Ishrat Rahman, Munirah M Alhammadi, Najah Albadari, Mohammed Khaled Bin Break, Sahar S Alghamdi, Kawther Aabed

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in chemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Afrah E MohammedDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Reham M AldahasiDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Hessa O AldraiwieshDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Ishrat RahmanDepartment of Basic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Munirah M AlhammadiDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Najah AlbadariDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed Khaled Bin BreakDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
Sahar S AlghamdiCollege of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Kawther AabedDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Silver nanoparticles are potent nanomaterials with significant applications in combating microbial infections and cancer. In this study, the extract of Gazania rigens var. uniflora was evaluated as a biogenic agent for the synthesis (G-AgNPs), and their biological activity was systematically assessed. Additionally, association of the antibiotic ampicillin and biogenic silver nanoparticles was developed to explore potential additive antibacterial effects, which has not been previously reported for this species. Methods: Silver nanoparticles were synthesized using a combination of the plant leaf extract and silver nitrate solution. Several characterization techniques, including dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron Microscope (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, were employed to analyze the synthesized nanoparticles. Results: DLS results indicated the presence of spherical, monodispersed nanoparticles with a mean diameter of 135.4 nm and a polydispersity index of 0.223, while TEM revealed sizes ranging from 14 to 44 nm. FTIR and EDX analyses confirmed the presence of phytochemical capping agents and elemental silver, supporting successful green synthesis. Both biogenic silver nanoparticles and ampicillin-associated G-AgNPs demonstrated antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, and Escherichia coli, with the ampicillin-associated G-AgNPs exhibiting a partial additive effect. Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated that G-AgNPs exerted significantly higher toxicity toward the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 compared to non-cancerous breast epithelial cells. Discussion: Overall, this work distinguishes itself by integrating detailed physicochemical characterization with both antibacterial and anticancer evaluations, as well as by examining antibiotic-associated G-AgNPs synthesized using G. rigens. These findings support the potential biomedical relevance of G. rigens-derived AgNPs and justify further mechanistic and in vivo investigations.

Indexed as

biological activitycharacterizationcytotoxicityGazania rigens var. unifloragreen synthesisphytochemicalssilver nanoparticles

Identifiers

PMID42022577
PMCPMC13095694

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.