Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42022218›Full record

ArticlePNAS nexus2026

Combined administration of interleukin-2 and 18 with anti-PD-L1 antibody induces CCL5-positive CD8 T cells to suppress liver tumors.

Masamichi Kimura, Kenzaburo Yamaji, Kenichi Harada, Hideya Kawaji, Jun Imamura, Haruki Okamura, Yoshimasa Tanaka, Michinori Kohara, Kiminori Kimura

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PNAS nexus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Masamichi KimuraDepartment of Hepatology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo 113-8677, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3842-1703
Kenzaburo YamajiDepartment of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan.
Kenichi HaradaDepartment of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
Hideya KawajiResearch Center for Genome & Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0575-0308
Jun ImamuraDepartment of Hepatology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo 113-8677, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1189-2590
Haruki OkamuraLaboratory of Tumor Immunology and Cell Therapy, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan.
Yoshimasa TanakaCenter for Medical Innovation, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5024-0614
Michinori KoharaDepartment of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2130-5837
Kiminori KimuraDepartment of Hepatology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo 113-8677, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9352-4721

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Remarkable progress has been made in cancer immunotherapy, partly because of the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, their efficacy varies across cancer types, with limited response observed in solid tumors, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The primary cause of this low efficacy is insufficient infiltration of effector cells, such as cytotoxic CD8

Indexed as

CCL5effector CD8 T cellshepatocellular carcinomaIL-18IL-2immunotherapy

Identifiers

PMID42022218
PMCPMC13096734

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.