ArticleMedical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran2025
Developing a Clinical Leadership Competency Framework for Surgical Residents: A Qualitative Study.
Article in Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Competency-based medical education reflects an approach that prepares students according to defined competencies necessary to meet specific needs. Leadership, described as a fundamental competency and a process of influence, underpins being a "good physician" and is essential for a system that supports high-quality health and healthcare. Given the importance of clinical leadership, this study aimed to develop a framework of clinical leadership competencies specifically tailored for surgical residents. Methods: This qualitative study employed a conventional content analysis approach. Participants included surgical specialists from the Iran University of Medical Sciences, who were purposively sampled. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using the inductive content analysis method as described by Graneheim and Lundman. Results: A total of 15 participants were included in the study. Codes were extracted from meaning units and classified into subcategories based on shared themes or concepts. Analysis of the interview data yielded 121 codes, 26 subcategories, 10 categories, and 3 overarching domains (themes). Among the identified categories, "Technical and Non-Technical Skills," "Leadership and Management of Interprofessional Teams," and "Organizational Optimization and Transformation" carried the most significant weight. Based on these three main domains, a clinical leadership competency framework was developed for surgical residents. Conclusion: The framework developed in this study provides a structured approach to integrating clinical leadership training into surgical residency curricula, which is crucial for enhancing healthcare performance and improving patient care outcomes.
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