ArticleThe American journal of case reports2026
Bacteremia and Liver Failure Due to Non-K1 Escherichia coli With iss Gene in Two Full-Term Infants.
Article in The American journal of case reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND Escherichia coli is a major pathogen causing sepsis in neonates and young infants. Although the K1 capsule is a well-established virulence factor in invasive infections, the clinical relevance of non-K1 strains and alternative virulence factors remains insufficiently characterized, particularly in cases of pediatric liver failure. The increased serum survival (iss) gene confers resistance to complement-mediated killing; however, its clinical relevance in infants has not been clarified. CASE REPORT Two full-term infants developed acute liver failure complicated by septic shock within the first month of life. Blood cultures in both cases yielded non-K1 E. coli strains harboring the iss gene. Both patients required intensive care, including plasma exchange and continuous renal replacement therapy; they ultimately underwent liver transplantation. Detailed microbiological and molecular analyses confirmed the absence of the K1 capsule and identified iss-associated virulence profiles across distinct phylogenetic backgrounds, suggesting a shared mechanism of serum resistance distinct from classical neonatal-meningitis-associated pathogenicity. CONCLUSIONS These cases underscore an important clinical insight: acute liver failure in infants can unmask invasive infection, even when classical virulence markers such as the K1 capsule are absent. Host-related impairment of complement production and innate immunity may reveal the pathogenic potential of iss-positive non-K1 strains. Awareness of such host-pathogen interactions may improve diagnostic evaluation and risk stratification in this vulnerable population.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.