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ArticleSupportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer2026

Determinants of long-term quality of life in nasopharyngeal carcinoma survivors: the roles of household income and performance status.

Ching-Nung Wu, Sheng-Dean Luo, Yu-Ming Wang, Shau-Hsuan Li, Chung-Feng Hwang, Chi-Chih Lai, Chung-Ying Lin, Wei-Chih Chen

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Article in Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Ching-Nung WuSchool of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Sheng-Dean LuoSchool of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Yu-Ming WangSchool of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Shau-Hsuan LiDepartment of Hematology-Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospitaland, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Chung-Feng HwangSchool of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Chi-Chih LaiDepartment of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospitaland, Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Chung-Ying Lin *Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. cylin36933@gmail.com.
Wei-Chih Chen *Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospitaland, Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Kaohsiung, Taiwan. jarva@cgmh.org.tw.

Funding

Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Research Program CORPG8L0431
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeSurvivors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) frequently suffer from a prolonged reduction in quality of life (QoL) following successful treatment. This study investigates the determinants of QoL among NPC survivors, with a focus on the temporal evolution post-treatment and the influence of socioeconomic and clinical factors.

methodsIn this cross-sectional study, NPC patients who received treatment in the last 10 years and underwent follow-up at our institute from 2021 to 2023 were enrolled. They completed the EuroQol five-dimension (EQ-5D), World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief (WHOQOL-BREF), Sinonasal Outcome Test 22 (SNOT-22), Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire-7 (ETDQ-7), and Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10). Kernel smoothing techniques were applied to delineate the trends in QoL scores, and linear mixed models were utilized for evaluating the unadjusted and adjusted influences of household income and other predictors on QoL.

resultsOut of 248 participants, 355 QoL evaluations were performed. Kernel-smoothed trajectories revealed that higher household income correlated with superior QoL scores throughout the majority of the post-treatment timeline. Although initial analyses showed that both higher household income and Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) scores were predictive of better generic and condition-specific QoL, the effect of income was attenuated upon adjusting for KPS in the multivariate analysis. Mediation analysis indicated that the association between income and QoL was partly mediated by the patients' performance status.

conclusionPerformance status is a pivotal mediator in the interplay between socioeconomic status and QoL outcomes in NPC survivors. These insights underscore the need for prospective studies to confirm these relationships.

Indexed as

Cancer SurvivorsIncomeNasopharyngeal CarcinomaNasopharyngeal NeoplasmsQuality of LifeAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansKarnofsky Performance StatusMaleMiddle AgedSocioeconomic FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesHousehold incomeLong-termNasopharyngeal carcinomaPerformance statusQuality of life

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.