ArticlePediatric research2026
Interferon-λ3 rs12979860 polymorphism and early-life RSV-bronchiolitis are associated with persistent asthma in male children: a 4-year prospective follow-up study.
Article in Pediatric research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
introductionInterferon-lambda 3 (IFN-λ3) plays a crucial role in antiviral defense but may also influence asthma development. We hypothesized that infants carrying the rs12979860(TT) and rs8099917(GG) genotypes, associated with lower IFN-λ3 expression, who experience early-life bronchiolitis, are more susceptible to developing persistent asthma.
methodsA 4-year prospective follow-up study of a post-bronchiolitis cohort of 666 children was conducted. The primary outcome was a diagnosis of persistent asthma 4 years after discharge. IFN-λ3 SNPs information and clinical data were collected from earlier reports, medical records, and questionnaires.
results26.3% (n = 175) of the children developed physician-diagnosed asthma. Multivariate analysis identified parental history of asthma and the IFN-λ3 rs12979860(TT) genotype as independent risk factors in boys (Hazard ratio: 1.7 (95% CI: 1.04-2.98)) who experienced a Respiratory Syncytial virus (RSV)-bronchiolitis before 6 months of age. Uncontrolled asthma status at 4 years after discharge was associated with rs12979860(TT) and rs8099917(GG) genotypes in boys and girls.
conclusionThe rs12979860(TT) genotype is a sex-specific genetic risk factor for persistent asthma in boys who experience RSV-bronchiolitis before the age of 6 months, revealing a complex gene-environment-sex interaction that determines long-term respiratory outcomes. IMPACT: Asthma is a chronic, heterogeneous pulmonary disease characterized by the inflammation of the lower respiratory tract. In this study, we identify a novel genetic marker associated with IFN-λ3 expression levels, which, when combined with children's clinical history of bronchiolitis, could aid in the early identification of those at higher risk of developing asthma and of uncontrolled asthma before the age of 5.
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