Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42020735›Full record

ArticleNature2026

A pro-carcinogenic bacterial toxin binds claudin-4 to cleave E-cadherin.

Maxwell T White, Kang Wang, Hailong Zhang, Ulrich Eckhard, Karthik Hullahalli, Jason Chen, Shaoguang Wu, Abby L Geis, Jie Zhang, Jessica Queen and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Orally available designed miniproteins inhibit enterotoxigenicbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Maxwell T White *Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4224-8410
Kang Wang *Department of Urology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-6432-8646
Hailong ZhangDivision of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4903-010X
Ulrich EckhardDepartment of Structural and Molecular Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, Higher Scientific Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5863-4514
Karthik HullahalliDivision of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Jason ChenDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-3615-7277
Shaoguang WuDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Abby L GeisDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3659-5734
Jie ZhangDepartment of Urology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Jessica QueenDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4924-6621
F Xavier Gomis-RuthDepartment of Structural and Molecular Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, Higher Scientific Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6848-6874
Matthew K WaldorDivision of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1843-7000
Min DongDepartment of Urology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. min.dong@childrens.harvard.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1744-7293
Cynthia L SearsDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. csears@jhmi.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4059-1661

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The human colon is colonized by trillions of bacteria that play substantial roles in human health and disease

Indexed as

Bacterial ToxinsCadherinsClaudin-4MetalloendopeptidasesProteolysisAnimalsAntigens, CDBacteroides fragilisColorectal NeoplasmsCRISPR-Cas SystemsEpithelial CellsHumansProtein BindingAntigens, CDBacterial ToxinsBacteroides fragilis toxinCadherinsClaudin-4CLDN4 protein, humanMetalloendopeptidases

Identifiers

PMID42020735
PMCPMC13253352

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.