ArticleScientific reports2026
Sustainable heteroatom doped biochar for methylene blue adsorption with structure function insights.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- HRSC advances · 2026Article
- Sustainable porous carbon derived from shrimp shell waste for multifunctional removal of organic dyes and heavy metals.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Lignin-Derived Biochar in Biorefineries: Linking Structure-Property Relationships to Emerging Contaminant Removal and Controlled Release Applications.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
This study investigates the enhancement of agro-derived biochars as sustainable, low-cost adsorbents for dye-contaminated wastewater treatment. Four agricultural residues-rice straw (RS), date palm fiber (DP), sugarcane bagasse (SCB), and giant reed (Arundo donax L., GR)-were evaluated as biochar precursors. RS, the most carbon-rich, exhibited limited surface reactivity, prompting further modification via hydrothermal nitrogen (N) doping and phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) activation. The modified biochars were characterized for surface chemistry, porosity, and morphology using elemental analysis, FTIR, SEM, and iodine number, and their methylene blue adsorption performance was systematically investigated under varying pH, adsorbent dosage, and initial dye concentration. The novelty of this work lies in the systematic comparison of hydrothermal N-doping, microwave-assisted treatment, and low-cost phosphoric acid activation on the same precursor, elucidating how complementary acidic and basic surface functionalization strategies govern adsorption performance. Adsorption was governed by electrostatic interactions, π-π stacking, hydrogen bonding, and surface complexation, influenced by the biochar's porosity, surface functional groups, and chemical composition. Hydrothermally N-doped RS (N-RS-HT) exhibited enriched nitrogen content (3.56%), increased basic site density (1.495 mmol g⁻
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