Trial reportJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2026
Single-cell dissection of persistent tumor antigens in non-responders reveals opportunities for TAA-targeted vaccination after neoadjuvant therapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Trial report in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy resistance of esophageal carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNeoadjuvant immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) combined with chemotherapy has demonstrated higher response rates than chemotherapy alone in resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Although tumor microenvironment (TME) features associated with treatment response have been studied in the contexts of both chemotherapy and immunotherapy, direct comparisons of these characteristics and their implications for novel therapeutic development remain largely unexplored.
methodsPaired pretreatment and post-treatment tumor samples were prospectively collected from 55 patients with locally advanced ESCC enrolled in a multicenter, phase 3 clinical trial (ChiCTR2000040034). Patients were randomized to receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy (paclitaxel with cisplatin, TP; n=14) or its combination with PD-1 blockade (camrelizumab, albumin-bound paclitaxel and cisplatin/paclitaxel and cisplatin, Cam+nab-TP/TP; n=41), followed by surgical resection. Pathological response was defined based on Mandard's Tumor Regression Grade scoring system. Changes in immune cell populations and tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) within the TME in relation to response were characterized using single-cell RNA and T cell receptor sequencing.
resultsBoth chemotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy responders exhibited shared temporal dynamics including dendritic cell remodeling, cytotoxic CD8
conclusionsOur study identifies key immune contributors correlated with response to neoadjuvant therapies and a panel of TAAs in non-responders. These findings support the development of TAA-targeted therapeutic vaccines and combination strategies incorporating ICB to overcome resistance in non-responders.
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