ArticleInternational dental journal2026
A Comparative Study of Caerin 1.1/1.9 and Calcium Hydroxide in the Treatment of Apical Periodontitis in Rats.
Article in International dental journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectivesBy establishing a rat model of periapical infection, this study compared the anti‑inflammatory effects of caerin 1.1/1.9 hydrogel and calcium hydroxide paste, aiming to provide a novel therapeutic strategy for refractory apical periodontitis.
methodsForty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided: caerin 1.1/1.9 (F1/F3) peptide containing gel group (F1/F3, n = 15), calcium hydroxide group (CH, n = 15) and untreated control group (UC, n = 15). The F1/F3 group and CH group animals received an intracanal application of 5 mg/mL F1/F3-loaded hydrogel or calcium hydroxide paste, respectively, into the ipsilateral mandibular first molar immediately (day 0) and subsequently at 7 and 14 days post apical-foramen enlargement. At the 7th, 14th and 21st days after the operation, the degree of infection was comprehensively evaluated through periapical X-ray films, HE staining, immunohistochemical staining, enzyme histochemical staining and ELISA tests.
resultsAt the 7th and 14th day after operation, the expression of IL-17 and the contents of TNF-α and IL-6 in F1/F3 and CH groups were significantly lower than those in UC group. On the 21st day after the operation, the number of osteoclasts in F1/F3 and CH groups decreased and the expression of OPG increased and the difference was statistically significant (P < .05). Compared with the CH group, the number of TNF-α and osteoclasts in F1/F3 group was significantly decreased on the 14th and 21st day after the operation and the expression of OPG was increased and the expression of IL-6 and IL-17 was decreased on the 21st day after the operation in F1/F3 group (P < .05).
conclusionsThe F1/F3 gel showed a more positive trend in regulating the key inflammatory factors and bone immune indicators related to periapical periodontitis compared to the calcium hydroxide paste.
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