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ArticleClinical and experimental dental research2026

Path Analysis Results on Bone Markers That Influence Accelerated Bone Remodeling: An Experimental Study.

Renie Kumala Dewi, Sri Oktawati, Asdar Gani, Eko Suhartono, Nurlindah Hamrun, Rasmidar Samad, Nurhayaty Natsir, Maharani Laillyza Apriasari, Hasanuddin Hasanuddin

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Article in Clinical and experimental dental research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Renie Kumala DewiDepartment of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0002-6249-2106
Sri OktawatiDepartment of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
Asdar GaniDepartment of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
Eko SuhartonoDepartment of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia.
Nurlindah HamrunDepartment of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
Rasmidar SamadDepartment of Dental Public Health and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
Nurhayaty NatsirDepartment of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
Maharani Laillyza ApriasariDepartment of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia.
Hasanuddin HasanuddinMaster of Dental Sciences Study Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveWe examined the effectiveness of combining nanochitosan Black Soldier Fly (BSF) pupae and demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) for accelerated bone remodeling by path analysis of osteoblasts, OPG, osteocalcin (OCN), osteoclasts, and RANKL.

methodsLaboratory research using eighteen samples of male guinea pigs that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the lower left incisor teeth were extracted, then taken randomly and divided into a control group (C), which applied polyethylene glycol (PEG) gel as a placebo and sutured with nonabsorbable silk, and a treatment group (T) applied a combination of nanochitosan BSF pupae and DDM gel, then sutured with nonabsorbable silk. Samples were euthanized on days 7, 14, and 21 to examine osteoblasts, OPG, OCN, osteoclasts, and RANKL. Data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA (p < 0.05). Pathway analysis was performed using a goodness-of-fit model and effect size, testing the hypothesis that OPG has a direct and dominant influence on RANKL and OCN, resulting in increased osteoblasts and decreased osteoclasts.

resultsThere was a decrease in the number of osteoclasts, RANKL expression, and an increase in the number of osteoblasts, OPG, and OCN expression between the C and T groups. One-way ANOVA analysis showed a significant difference (0.000) (p < 0.05). The pathway analysis that contributed most significantly in reducing osteoclasts and increasing osteoblasts, thereby accelerating bone remodeling, was OPG affecting OCN (0.952), rather than OPG affecting the RANKL pathway (-0.001).

conclusionsThe combination of nanochitosan BSF pupae and DDM has a maximum impact on bone remodeling, so that it can be used as an alternative bone graft material for socket healing treatment and accelerating alveolar bone regeneration.

Indexed as

Bone RemodelingAnimalsBiomarkersChitosanGuinea PigsMaleOsteoblastsOsteocalcinOsteoclastsOsteoprotegerinRANK LigandBiomarkersChitosanOsteocalcinOsteoprotegerinRANK LigandBlack Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens)bone regenerationdemineralized dentin matrixsnanochitosanpath analysis

Identifiers

PMID42018495
PMCPMC13102089

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.