ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2026
CD39/CD73-mediated immunosuppression and tumor aggressiveness in bladder cancer.
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Natural Killer Cell Immunotherapy in Solid Tumors: Microenvironmental Obstacles and Translational 3D Models.Biology · 2026Review
- The role of macrophage polarization in organ transplantation: research progress on impact on graft injury, repair, and fibrosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Regulatory T cells in the bladder cancer tumor microenvironment: mechanisms of immune suppression and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Review
- Adenosine signaling in tumor immune escape: metabolic checkpoints, myeloid suppression, and combination immunotherapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Urothelial bladder cancer (BCa) is marked by high recurrence and mortality, and the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy remains limited because of immune evasion. The adenosinergic pathway (AP), mediated by ectonucleotidases CD39 and CD73, is a key immunosuppressive mechanism, but its role in BCa remains unclear. We conducted an integrated immunophenotypic analysis of peripheral blood (PB) and the tumor microenvironment (TME) from 39 patients with BCa and 14 healthy controls using multicolor flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. High-risk (HR) patients exhibited systemic immunosuppression, characterized by an elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and increased circulating regulatory T cells (Tregs), along with reduced cytotoxic γδ T cells and diminished Th1/Tc1 functional subtypes. In the TME, we observed reduced CD8
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Registered trials
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