ArticleVeterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association2026
Visual Assessment of Rib Cartilage Mineralization in Thoracic Radiographs as an Indicator of Age in Juvenile Dogs of Various Breeds.
Article in Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Anecdotally, the onset of mineralization of rib cartilage, as visualized by radiographic studies, is assumed to occur at 3 months of age. Determining radiographically the exact day when rib cartilage mineralization begins in juvenile dogs could aid in age estimation of young dogs with unknown histories. This retrospective study aimed to establish the radiographic onset and progression of rib cartilage mineralization. A number of 1310 dogs across 132 different breeds were included, and 2463 laterolateral or orthogonal radiographs of newborn to 400-day-old dogs were evaluated. Rib cartilage mineralization was divided into three grades (I: no radiographic evidence of mineralization; II: partial mineralization [speckled or fine linear mineralization]; and III: complete rib cartilage mineralization). Dogs were divided into five breed groups (toy, small, medium, large, and giant) depending on the estimated final body weight. The earliest radiographically visible rib cartilage mineralization in all dogs was 71 days for Grade II and 132 days for Grade III. Between 132 and 168 days, all three grades of rib cartilage mineralization were present. After 223 days, only complete rib cartilage mineralization was observed. Statistical analysis showed that small-breed dogs had significantly earlier onset and complete rib cartilage mineralization than medium, large, and giant breeds (p < 0.02). Chondrodystrophic dogs of the toy, small, and medium-breed groups showed significantly earlier onset of costal cartilage mineralization than non-chondrodystrophic dogs of the same breed group (p < 0.001). The predominance of chondrodystrophic breeds among small dogs may explain their earlier rib cartilage mineralization.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.